DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2789-6919/56/165-172
Murad Bakhishov
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Master’s student
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7958-8286
murad.baxisow@gmail.com
The Use of Biogas Technologies for Organic Waste Disposal and
Energy Recovery
Abstract
Organic waste streams from agriculture, municipalities and agro-industrial processes are increasingly recognized as valuable resources for renewable energy production. Anaerobic digestion (AD) enables the controlled conversion of biodegradable substrates into biogas, with reported methane yields ranging from approximately 150 to 550 mL/gVS depending on substrate composition, pretreatment and co-digestion strategies. High-solids AD systems operating at total solids above 15–20% achieve volumetric productivities comparable to conventional slurry digesters, while reducing reactor volume requirements. Modern waste-to-energy configurations are capable of converting hundreds of thousands of tonnes of biomass annually into tens of thousands of megawatt-hours of renewable electricity, demonstrating the scalability of AD in integrated waste-management frameworks. In addition to energy recovery, AD reduces uncontrolled methane emissions, stabilizes organic matter and produces nutrient-rich digestate that can replace mineral fertilizers. Overall, the evidence indicates that biogas technologies form an essential component of sustainable waste management, simultaneously addressing organic waste disposal and renewable energy generation in line with circular-economy objectives.
Keywords: anaerobic digestion, organic waste, energy recovery, circular economy, waste-to-energy