DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/120/24-27
Vusala Gaziyeva
Baku Slavic University
PhD in Philology
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0484-676X
vusalagaziyeva73@gmail.ru
The Problem of Personal Freedom as a Literary - Artistic Phenomenon
Abstract
The article analyzes the theme of personality and free will during the Romantic period in 19th-century foreign and Russian literature. In the works of romantics such as Byron and Vigny, as well as Pushkin and Lermontov, the protagonists are depicted as independent and valuable individuals experiencing inner contradictions and conflicts with the world. Romanticism presents personality as an inherently valuable and free category, leading to a profound exploration of the human soul and paving the way for realism. In realism, personality is understood as a whole formed through dialectical interaction with society and influenced by the social environment. The article also discusses the complex, multifaceted structure of personality and the problem of freedom in philosophical movements such as Nietzsсheanism, Freudianism, Marxism, and existentialism. Freedom is portrayed both as a creative force and a responsibility. Romanticism emphasizes the full sovereignty and spiritual freedom of the individual, which is later complemented in realism by the integration of personality into society. The article pays special attention to the concept of romantic free will in the context of Lermontov’s works and highlights the role of 19th-century Russian literature in shaping national consciousness. Overall, Romanticism is presented as a significant stage in the artistic depiction of individual freedom and value.
Keywords: literature, literary trends Romanticism, freedom and the problem of personality