Parviz Hasanov
Baku State University
PhD in Law
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2131-7738
hasanov.p.a@gmail.com
Orkhan Ahmed
Baku State University
Master’s student
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7110-9443
orkhanahmad16@gmail.com
Legal Analysis of BRICS Summit Declarations
Abstract
This article is devoted to a comprehensive legal analysis of the BRICS summit declarations and examines their role amid the transformation of the modern international legal order. The authors justify the relevance of the study by noting the growing importance of the association in the context of forming a multipolar system of international relations. The work traces the gradual development of BRICS legal principles in the declarations from 2009 to 2023, summarized by the initial dominance of the economic agenda expanding across all areas of international cooperation and even to lawmaking: global institutionalism, sustainable development, norm-creation realism, and rationalist secularization of analysis. Particular attention is given to the legal nature of the very idea of integration declarations as acts of soft international law friction, which themselves influence the formation of principles of customary international law and national legal systems.
A comparative legal analysis is conducted of the relationship between the declarations, international treaties, and acts of international organizations, revealing mechanisms for their implementation into the legislation of member states. The practical implementation of certain provisions is examined in Russia, China, India, and other countries, as well as issues arising from the expansion of the association’s membership. The authors conclude that the BRICS declarations hold significant normative influence potential and serve as an important tool in shaping the new legal landscape of a polycentric world.
Keywords: BRICS, declarations, international law, national legislation, legal principles, international organizations, legal status of documents