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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH - 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2789-6919/64/26-31
Dynamic effects of tourism CO₂ emission intensity and economic growth under the framework of SDG 13
Flora Karimova1* 
, Asif Abdullayev1 ,
Gunel Guliyeva1 , and Aftandil Mammadli1
Abstract. The relationship between carbon emission intensity and economic growth in the tourism sector is of significant importance for formulating sustainable development policies. This study examines the impact of CO₂ emission intensity in the tourism sector on economic growth within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13: Climate Action. Tourism CO₂ emission intensity represents the ratio of carbon emissions generated by tourism activities to economic output and serves as a key indicator of the sector's environmental efficiency. A systematic analysis of existing empirical and comparative studies reveals that, while tourism development supports economic growth, the structure of energy consumption and the effectiveness of environmental policies directly influence emission intensity. The use of renewable energy, the development of green transportation, the promotion of eco-innovations, and the implementation of low-carbon tourism strategies contribute to reducing emissions and strengthening long-term economic sustainability. The study emphasizes that integrating climate policy, green investments, and sustainable tourism management is essential for achieving the targets of SDG 13.
Keywords: tourism, CO₂ emission intensity, economic growth, SDG 13, sustainable tourism, climate change
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