Digitalization of Freight Transport and its Contribution to National Economic Growth
Asaf Aliyev1 , Mehriban Imanova1 , Nuriyya Ibrahimova2 ,
Asif Abdullayev3 , and Ziya Guliyev3*
Abstract. The digital transformation of freight transport systems has become an important factor in improving logistics efficiency, trade connectivity, and national economic competitiveness. The integration of digital technologies into freight transportation enhances supply chain transparency, reduces operational costs, and supports the development of more efficient and sustainable logistics networks. This study examines the contribution of freight transport digitalization to national economic growth through a quantitative analytical framework. The research integrates econometric modeling, comparative statistical analysis, and transport performance indicators to evaluate the relationship between digital logistics development and macroeconomic performance. Key explanatory variables include freight transport infrastructure indicators, energy efficiency metrics, and the Logistics Performance Index, which are analyzed in relation to gross domestic product dynamics. The empirical analysis indicates a significant positive relationship between freight transport modernization, logistics efficiency, and economic growth. Improvements in logistics performance and digital transport management systems contribute to reduced transportation costs, improved supply chain reliability, and enhanced trade connectivity. Comparative analysis across different country groups shows that the economic benefits of transport digitalization are particularly significant in developing and emerging economies, where improvements in logistics efficiency can substantially increase productivity and market accessibility. The findings highlight the strategic role of freight transport digitalization in supporting sustainable economic development and emphasize the importance of integrated transport policies that combine infrastructure investment, digital technologies, and energy efficiency improvements.
Keywords: freight transport digitalization, logistics performance, economic growth, transport infrastructure, energy efficiency, supply chain management