DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/113/262-266
Tahir Gozalov
Baku, Azerbaijan
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2137-4420
tahir.g380@gmail.com
Diagnosis and Treatment of Sialadenitis and Sialolithiasis
Abstract
Sialadenitis is most commonly observed in men aged 50–70 years. Its incidence rate is 0.173 per 10,000 individuals. In inflamed glands, swelling, tenderness, and induration are commonly seen, often accompanied by purulent discharge from the respective ducts. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently implicated bacterium in sialadenitis. Risk factors for sialadenitis include diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, poor oral hygiene, and chronic xerostomia.
Sialolithiasis (salivary stone disease) is the most common obstructive salivary gland disorder. It occurs due to the formation of stones within the ductal system of the salivary glands. Patients with sialolithiasis often present with swelling and pain after meals and a history of recurrent acute suppurative sialadenitis. Causes may include metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis, physicochemical changes in saliva, obstruction of the duct by foreign bodies, and the effects of certain medications.
Keywords: Sialadenitis, inflammatory diseases, salivary stone disease, submandibular, sublingual