Correlational Analysis of Grain Quality Indicators and Protein Genetic Markers in Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) Genotypes
Gunel Tahirova
Abstract. Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is one of the main cereal crops that plays an important role in the food security of the world's population. The quality indicators of its grain, especially protein content, gluten content and technological properties, are among the main factors determining the quality of pasta and other processed products. In modern breeding programs, along with high productivity, improving quality indicators is also considered a priority. In this regard, studying the genetic basis of quality traits and determining their relationships with molecular markers is of great importance. The aim of the study is to evaluate the correlations of the main grain quality indicators and genetic markers involved in protein synthesis in durum wheat genotypes. The protein content, wet gluten, vitreousness and other quality parameters of grain were analyzed for genotypes of different origins, and genetic markers encoding high and low molecular weight gluten subunits were identified. The results of statistical correlation analysis showed that there are significant positive relationships between some protein markers and grain quality indicators. In particular, glutenin alleles were associated with high protein content and good technological quality characteristics.
Keywords: wheat, genotype, grain, protein, gluten, grain, protein, quality