DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/114/176-181
Nubar Piriyeva
Azerbaijan Medical University
Master student
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9008-9318
p.nubar2002@gmail.com
Tahira Askerova
Azerbaijan Medical University
Doctor of Biological Sciences
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5528-0136
p.nubar2002@gmail.com
Comparison of Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in individuals with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted on 100 participants aged 13 to 78 years, categorized into two groups based on age for comparative analysis. Individuals aged 13–30 years were assessed for Type 1 diabetes, while those aged 31–78 years were analyzed for Type 2 diabetes.
It has been shown that in individuals with Type 1 diabetes, insulin deficiency leads to elevated glucose and HbA1c levels, while in Type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction play a significant role in disease progression. The study determined that men had higher fasting glucose and HbA1c levels compared to women, which may be associated with hormonal, genetic, and metabolic factors. It was also noted that in cases of high insulin resistance, increased HbA1c levels were observed, emphasizing the effect of prolonged hyperglycemia on diabetes progression.
The results indicate that Type 2 diabetes is more common than Type 1 diabetes, particularly in older individuals, due to age-related insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Type 1 diabetes, on the other hand, is primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of β-cells and is more prevalent in younger individuals. The findings confirm that early diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies are essential for effective diabetes management. The role of biochemical markers such as glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels in assessing disease progression and metabolic control has been highlighted, demonstrating the importance of continuous monitoring in diabetes care.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Insulin resistance, Glycohemoglobin