The Concept of Genocide in Political Science: Political and Legal Mechanisms for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
Zaur Aliyev
Abstract. This article analyzes the theoretical and legal foundations of the concept of genocide in political science. It examines the definition of genocide under the 1948 UN Convention. The core elements of the crime — special intent and prohibited acts — are investigated. International mechanisms for prevention and punishment are reviewed. The study explores the roles of national courts, international tribunals, the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court, and INTERPOL. The psychological and political preconditions of genocide — discrimination, dehumanization, hate speech, and denial — are discussed as early warning signals. The author examines Azerbaijan's national legislation and international obligations regarding genocide.In order to achieve the goals and objectives of the study, a comprehensive methodological framework rooted in an interdisciplinary approach has been established. Within this scope, a systematic approach to the subject matter is employed, processes are subjected to historical-comparative research, a normative-legal analysis is performed, and international legal instruments are examined. The findings show that genocide is a distinct international crime requiring special intent. Its prevention requires comprehensive mechanisms at both international and national levels.
Keywords: genocide, convention, dehumanization, hate speech, Azerbaijani legislation