DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2706-6185/48/181-184
Togrul Kazimli
Baku State University
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1689-1305
togrul.kazimli98@gmail.com
Sociological Views of Azerbaijani Enlighteners at the End of the
19th Century - in the Beginning of the 20th Century
Abstract
The sociological views of Azerbaijani enlighteners at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century are characterized by the formation of national self-awareness and the enlightenment movement. During this period, Azerbaijani intellectuals accepted the ideas of enlightenment as the main means of developing society and actively discussed various social issues in order to modernize society. Their main goal was to raise the level of education of the people, form national consciousness and spread the ideas of enlightenment based on modern sciences. Enlightenment scholars tried to achieve the progress of society by discussing topics such as social justice, equality, human rights and social welfare. Azerbaijani enlighteners – Hasan bey Zardabi, Mahammad Amin Rasulzadeh, Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, Alimardan bey Topchubashov and others – through their works and activities highlighted the social problems of society, promoted the ideas of enlightenment and fought to increase the level of education of society. They discussed problems such as social injustice, women’s rights, poverty and education, and saw enlightenment as the main means of solving these problems.
The sociological views of the enlighteners were also related to the formation of national identity and strengthening national unity. They tried to enrich the worldview of the Azerbaijani people by preserving the national culture, language and traditions. The enlighteners believed that the progress of society is possible only through the development of science, enlightenment and education.
The sociological views of the enlighteners of this period played an important role in the modernization of Azerbaijani society and the strengthening of national self-awareness and left a deep mark on future generations.
Keywords: Azerbaijan, sociology, 19th century, national, enlightenment