Dynamics of Arable Land and Development of

Agriculture in Azerbaijan

Goshgar Mammadov^1* , Chingiz Galandarov¹ , Turan Mammadov²

Abstract. The problems related to environmental protection at the international level in recent years and their solutions are presented, and the concept of the "green economy" is discussed in this article. Due to the rapid increase in the world's population, it is reported that, according to UN calculations, the per capita use of the world's natural resources will increase by 70% by 2050. The issue of efficient land use through the effective use of resources in Azerbaijan's agriculture was investigated in the conducted research. It was determined that after 2020, compared to other agricultural crops, the expansion of cotton cultivation areas (7.7% of the total cultivated area) has led to an increase in the ecological load. The total area of fruit and berry orchards was 88.4 thousand ha in 2003, and this indicator reached 222.4 thousand ha in 2022. In other words, it has been determined that the increase in cultivated areas is mainly due to strategic crops such as cereals and legumes. From this point of view, it has been determined that agriculture leads to environmental problems through its negative impacts on sustainable development.

Keywords: Azerbaijan's agriculture, "green economy," strategic crops, orchards, ecological capacity