Arxiv
ELMİ İŞ - 2025
Ziya Feyruz Shivakhanli
Baku State University
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIABILITY EXCEPTIONS OF THE SEA CARRIERS
UNDER INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONVENTIONS
Key words: Rotterdam Rules, Hague Rules, liability exceptions, sea carrier
Açar sözlər: Rotterdam qaydaları, Haaqa qaydaları, məsuliyyəti istisna edən hallar, dəniz daşıyıcısı
Ключевые слова: Роттердамские правила, Гаагские правила, исключения из ответственности, ответственность перевозчиков, морской перевозчик
Introduction
With the development of international trade in the last decades of the nineteenth century, balancing interests of the ship owners and the cargo owners became one of the much-debated topics in maritime law. Some are of the view that there is an imbalance in favor of the carriers. The reason is as the economic power of the carriers was considerably increased, contracts of the carriage of goods by sea overloaded with exception clauses intended to exonerate the carriers from liability for almost every imaginable situation. Starting from the Bill of Ladings, these exceptions have been established through national legislations and subsequently transformed into uniform international law.
Baxış: 994